Abstract
Aim. This paper reviews the potential role of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Background. CVD is one of the most important causes of mortality. Paying attention to the risk factors of CVD is of great importance in reducing mortality, the cost of treatment and care and improving health indicators. Over the recent years, HDP have been considered as a risk factor for developing CVD in later life. Method. This review study was conducted by searching out PubMed, Scopus, and Springer databases from 2016 to 2019, based on the availability of articles full text. The keywords included “hypertensive disorder of pregnancy AND cardiovascular disease AND risk AND screening”. At first, 223 articles were found that according to the title and with the elimination of repetitive and non-English language studies, the number of articles was reduced to 17, and 10 papers were reviewed.
Findings. Within the recent years, the incidence of CVD in women with a history of HDP has been considered. The main discussion in numerous studies has been focused on whether the presence of risk factors for CVD before pregnancy leads to HDP and then occurrence of hypertension in later years, or HDP is the risk factor for the onset of CVD in the future.
Conclusion. Pregnancy is considered as a stress test that unveiling CVD, therefore, it is important that the history of HDP to be considered in the list of risk factors for CVD in postpartum years. Annual blood pressure and renal function monitoring, lifestyle modification and paying attention to the CVD risk factors in this group of women is recommended.

Abstract
Aim. This study evaluated the effects of prenatal substance abuse, predominantly Methamphetamine (MA) , on obstetric complications and neonatal health in an Iranian tertiary referral center.
Background. Methamphetamine abuse during pregnancy is a critical public health concern with significant implications for maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Method. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 2021 at Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital, Tehran. Three hundred and twenty two pregnant women were divided into a substance-using case group (n=98) and a non-using control group (n=224). Maternal and neonatal data were extracted from medical records and analyzed using statistical methods.
Findings. The case group was significantly older with lower education; MA was the predominant substance (75.5 percent). Major obstetric complications were significantly higher in the case group, including premature rupture of membranes (32.3 percent), gestational hypertension (20.4 percent), and preeclampsia (9.2 percent). Neonates in the case group experienced significantly higher rates of respiratory distress syndrome (49.0 percent), intrauterine growth restriction, and NICU admission (71.4 percent). Notably, head circumference was significantly reduced in the case group (P<0.001) despite comparable birth weights to controls, suggesting selective neurotoxic effects on brain development rather than global growth restriction.
Conclusion. Prenatal MA exposure is a significant predictor of hypertensive disorders and neonatal neurodevelopmental risk characterized by selective brain growth restriction. Given the substantial neonatal morbidity, comprehensive multidisciplinary care and universal screening for substance use are essential for optimizing outcomes in this vulnerable population.