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Sahar Avazpour, Amin Amini,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol on plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin and hypertension in overweight nurses.
Background. Cardiovascular disease, as a chronic and debilitating physical condition, is one of the most common causes of death worldwide and can affect the health of individuals, especially nurses who are exposed to a variety of diseases and it is necessary to identify variables related to health in these group.
Method. This was a clinical trial in which 27 nurses (mean age 25.81±0.6 years, mean height 158.01±7.6 cm and mean weight 69.41±0.25 kg) were selected and randomly divided into three groups of high intensity interval training type 1 (8 seconds of fast running and 12 seconds of active recycling), high intensity interval training type 2 (40-meter sweep test with maximum speed), and control group. High intensity interval training type 1 was performed for four weeks, three sessions per week, each session lasted 6-9 minutes with more than 90% of maximum heart rate. High intensity interval training type 2 was performed for four weeks, three sessions per week, with more than 90% of the maximum heart rate. The control group did not participate in any training program.
Findings. The study showed that HIIT type 1 and type 2 had a statistically significant effect on reducing plasma leptin levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increasing plasma adiponectin concentration in nurses. Both training methods improved health indicators (adiponectin, leptin and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), but HIIT type 1 training caused more control and regulation of these indicators compared with compared to HIIT type 2.
Conclusion. There is a significant difference between type 1 HIIT exercise, type 2 HIIT exercise and control in research variables (adiponectin, leptin and blood pressure) in nurses.
Mohammad Javadinejad, Fatemeh Bahramnezhad, Hossein Navid, Seyede Fatemeh Gheiasi, Elham Navab,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The present review study was conducted with the aim of exploring what nurses should know about interactions of diet containing vitamin K with warfarin.
Background. Warfarin is one of the most widely used oral anticoagulants. Dietary interactions, mainly due to vitamin K, are a common concern when consuming warfarin. In the meantime, the nurse, as the first person in the care chain and the main person in charge of patient education, can play an important role in reducing these interactions, which is a challenge for patients.
Method. The present review study was conducted through searching out library as well as databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Up-to-date, OVID, CINAHL, Magiran and SID using Persian keywords of warfarin, dietary interactions, vitamin k diet, patient and nurse education and their English equivalents in the period 1999 to 2021. Out of a total of 30 articles found, 8 articles were reviewed after screening the articles.
Finding. The findings of this study showed that the amount of vitamin K intake in the diet should be kept constant. This is 90 to 120 micrograms per day. Patients should be properly and continuously educated about vitamin K in various foods and supplements. In the meantime, the role of the nurse as one of the pillars of patient education is very important and fundamental.
Conclusion. Due to the role of the nurse in educating these patients, it is recommended that education about dietary interactions be used using authoritative sources. It is possible with methods such as preparing a clinical guide, making a video and designing an application, and including tables of vitamin K levels in foods.
Sayed Ehsan Kazemeini, Tahereh Ranjbaripour, Atefeh Nezhadmohammad Nameghi, Sheida Sodagar, Parisa Peyvandi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on sleep quality and health promoting lifestyle behaviors in patients with heart failure.
Background. Consequences of heart failure create problems with sleep quality and lifestyle that affect the course of the disease. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy are some of the potential effective interventions on those.
Method. The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group with quarterly follow-up. The sample size was 45 people which were purposefully selected and then randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=30) and one control group (n=15). Data were collected in three stages using the Sleep Quality Index Pittsburgh of Boyce et al. (1989) and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire of Walker et al. (1987). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for experimental groups were performed and data analysis was performed in SPSS-25 software through analysis of covariance.
Findings. Both acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in post-test and follow-up (F=181.224, P≤0.0001) and (F=62.315, P≤0.0001), improved sleep quality and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors when compared to the control group. Despite the effect of both interventions, the superiority of acceptance and commitment therapy (P< 0.001) on health promoting lifestyle was found. There was no statistically significant difference between two interventions (P=0.967) in terms of improving sleep quality.
Conclusion. According to the results, both interventions were effective on sleep quality and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, especially acceptance and commitment therapy was more effective on health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, so, in medical settings it can be used along with medical treatments for patients with heart failure.
Soheila Salmanian, Sheida Jabalameli, Maryam Moghimian, Fariba Arjmandi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. This study was conducted to examine the effect of mentalization-based therapy and emotion-regulated therapy based on the Gross process model on psychological well-being and quality of work-life of nurses in intensive care units.
Background. Improving nurses' well-being and satisfaction with their quality of work-life improves the nurse-patient relationship and hospitals' performance from an organizational point of view. It is necessary to provide psychological therapeutic interventions to this crucial group of health care providers.
Method. This study was an experimental study (pre-test post-test with control group) in which 45 nurses working in intensive care units of selected Tehran hospitals, Iran, were selected by the convenience sampling method, and assigned to two intervention groups and one control group (15 nurses in each group). Reef's short-term psychological well-being and Walton's 32-item quality of work-life were used to measure dependent variables of the study. Then, mentalization-based therapy group received intervention in 8 sessions of 90 minutes as one session per week; and the treatment group based on emotion regulated therapy based on the Gross process model received the intervention in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, one session per week based on the protocol. No intervention was implemented for the control group. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software.
Findings. Before the intervention, there were the highest scores for quality of work-life in the control group. At the end of the study and after the intervention, the scores of quality of work-life increased in all three groups, and no statistical significant difference was found between the groups. Before the intervention, the highest scores for psychological well-being was observed in the mentalization-based therapy group. (85.86±6.56), and after the intervention, although the psychological well-being scores of both interventions groups were higher than that of control group, but this diferrence was not statistically significant.
Conclusion. Based on the findings of this study, it seems that training sessions of mentalization-based therapy and emotion-regulated therapy based on the Gross process model improve the quality of work-life in nurses working in intensive care units, but the improvement was not statistically significant.
Zahra Dashtbozorgi , Khadijeh Moghadam, Fatemeh Moghadam,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of stress-based mindfulness therapy on psychological well-being and Covid-19 anxiety in people with cardiovascular disease in Karaj, Iran.
Background. During the Covid-19 pandemic, people with cardiovascular disease have had many problems in the field of psychological health including anxiety. One of the effective modalities to manage anxiety is mindfulness therapy that potentially reduces stress and may affects psychological well-being.
Method. This was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all women with cardiovascular disease in Karaj, Iran. Thirty people of the target population were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group (15 people in each group). The research instruments included psychological well-being questionnaire (1989) and Corona anxiety questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance) in SPSS software version 19.
Findings The results showed the effect of stress-based mindfulness on psychological well-being and Corona anxiety in women with cardiovascular disease (p≤0.0001). The intervention explained 43% of the variance of psychological well-being and 24% of the Corona anxiety.
Conclusion. Considering the effectiveness of stress-based mindfulness therapy on psychological well-being and Corona anxiety in people with cardiovascular disease, it is suggested to apply this treatment method in psychological clinics and health centers to improve mental health.
Maryam Bagholi Kermani, Mohsen Golparvar, Hamid Athashpour, Masoumeh Sadeghi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of integrative behavioral couple therapy, narrative couple therapy, and couple schema therapy on affective capital and depression among people with coronary artery disease.
Background. Coronary artery disease is one of the heart diseases that can cause problems for couples.
Method. This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and control group. The statistical population consisted of people with coronary artery disease and their spouses out of which 64 couples were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and a control group (16 couples in each group). Affective Capital Questionnaire and Depression Inventory of Beck was used to assess dependent variables in two stages. The three intervention groups were each treated for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed in SPSS by descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings. In terms of affective capital, there was a statistically significant difference of integrative behavioral couple therapy, narrative couple therapy and couple schema therapy with the control group (p≤0.001), and of integrative behavioral couple therapy with narrative couple therapy and couple schema therapy (p≤0.001). For depression, there was a statistically significant difference of the three intervention groups with the control group, and of integrated behavioral couple therapy and couple schema therapy with couple narrative therapy (p<0.05).
Conclusion. According to the results, integrative behavioral couple therapy, couple schema therapy and narrative couple therapy are effective in increasing affective capital and reducing depression in people with coronary artery disease and their spouses. It is recommended that these three interventions be used for these patients and their spouses in cardiovascular disease centers.
Hamidreza Ghazizadeh, Masoumeh Zakerimoghadam,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to review the cardiovascular disorders and complications caused by COVID-19.
Background. Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease is a viral disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virus was first discovered in Wuhan, China, and was declared a global pandemic due to its widespread prevalence. So far, about 500 million cases of and 6 million deaths from the disease have been reported worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 mainly causes respiratory problems, and fever, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, fatigue and diarrhea are common symptoms of the disease. COVID-19 also causes cardiovascular disorders, which due to the importance of the impact of these disorders on the health of people in the community, in this article, studies and research conducted in this field were reviewed.
Method. The keywords “Covid-19”, “Coronavirus”, and “Cardiovascular complication” were searched out in databases, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Out of 84 articles that were found the more relevant ones to the research topic were selected. After reviewing the studies thoroughly, 33 papers that were in line with the purpose of the study were selected and reviewed.
Findings. Studies and findings have shown that COVID-19 can cause cardiovascular complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial injury, myocarditis and heart failure.
Conclusion. Given the prevalence of COVID-19 and its high prevalence worldwide, it is important to be familiar with the cardiovascular disorders caused by the disease and how to treat and manage these disorders.
Mitra Hasanehzadeh Kiani, Zahra Dashtbozorgi, Marjan Alizadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. This study was conducted to compare the effect of positivism education and health promoting lifestyle education on psychological well-being and health anxiety in people with cardiovascular disease.
Background. People with cardiovascular disease have problems in the terms of psychological well-being and health anxiety and positivism education and health promoting lifestyle education are likely to be effective in improving psychological well-being and health anxiety.
Method: The present study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of people with cardiovascular disease who referred to Golestan Hospital of Ahvaz city, Iran, in 2021. Sixty people were recruited by purposive sampling method based on inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to three equal groups. Experimental groups separately underwent 8 sessions of 90-minute duration by positivism education and health promoting lifestyle education, respectively, and during this time the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected by the demographic information form, short form health anxiety inventory and psychological well-being revisited questionnaire, and were analyzed by Chi-square, univariate analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post-hoc test in SPSS-19 software.
Findings. The findings showed that the experimental and control groups did not significantly differ in terms of gender, education level, age and duration of cardiovascular disease. Both methods of positivism education and health promoting lifestyle education were effective in improving psychological well-being and health anxiety in people with cardiovascular disease (P≤0.0001), but there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention methods in improving psychological well-being and health anxiety.
Conclusion. The effect of both methods of positivism education and health promoting lifestyle education on improving psychological well-being and health anxiety was confirmed and there was no significant difference between these methods in improving psychological well-being and health anxiety. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can use both methods to improve health-related characteristics.
Shohreh Kolagri, Mahdi Zahedi, Asemeh Izadpanah, Baqer Pahlavanzadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The present study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the survival of myocardial infarction (MI) patients hospitalized in the cardiac care unite (CCU) at the 5-year period (2013-2018).
Background. By knowing the factors affecting survival, it is possible to focus more on prevention and treatment protocols.
Method. This is a retrospective cohort study investigating the data from the records of 277 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) hospitalized in the CCU ward of Shahid Sayad Shirazi Teaching and Medical Hospital affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, over a 5-year period from 2013 to 2018. The convenience sampling method was used, and the inclusion criteria encompassed those with diagnosed MI based on the report of cardiologist, disease history, signs in electrocardiogram (ECG), and cardiac enzyme marker tests. The instrument used for data collection included a list of clinical information, laboratory parameters, and demographic information. The data were analyzed in SPSS-16, using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings. This study revealed that 187 patients (67. percent) were males, and the mean age of expired patients was significantly higher than the recovered ones (P=0.002). Moreover, the mean cholesterol and blood sugar values in the expired patients were significantly higher than the recovered ones (P=0.033, P=0.015, respectively). Correspondingly, there were a statistically significant differences in the mean value of hemoglobin and red blood cells between the two groups (P=0.002, P=0.047, respectively). MI patients who didn’t use drugs, cigarettes, and water pipe and had no systemic diseases were more likely to survive compared to those with a history of addiction and systemic diseases (P=0.04, P=0.029). Finally, the survival graph showed that 50 percent of the patients were alive until the 11th day of hospitalization (median survival time, 11 days).
Conclusion. Determining the factors affecting the survival rate of patients after MI can be the focus of prevention and screening programs for high-risk groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Hence, increasing the survival of patients with acute MI requires health policymakers to take comprehensive actions at prevention levels.
Fatemeh Nemati, Amir Tabatabaee, Zahra Salehi, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The purpose of this study is to review studies that have investigated the effect of CardioPulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (CPCR) training on nurses' knowledge and performance.
Background. CPCR is a systematic procedure and a set of targeted measures have been used by nurses to restore the vital functions of the body's central organs, such as the heart, lungs, and brain. The application of teaching is a suggested method for improving the knowledge and skills of nurses PCPR in most published articles.
Method. In this r eview study, a comprehensive search of scientific databases and sear ch engines such as Science Direct, PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, SID, Scopus, CINAHL, OVID, Iran Doc and Magiran using the keywords cardiopulmonary resuscitation, nurses, practice, knowledge in both Persian and English languages was done to find articles published between 2010 and 2022.
Results: CPCR training in both face-to-face and virtual form can be effective on the knowledge and performance of nurses, and in all studies there was a significant relationship between the scores before and after the training. The implementation of these trainings should be repeated for nurses permanently and every six months.
Conclusion: Basic training can lead to increasing the knowledge of nurses in the field of basic and advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Based on this, regular theoretical and practical workshops and training courses are recommended.
Golriz Mohammadi, Ahmad Karbalaei Mohammad Migooni, Saied Malihialzakerini, Maryam Kalhornia Golkar,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The present study aimed to compare the effect of schema therapy and dialectical behavior therapy on lifestyle of women with coronary artery heart disease.
Background. Given that an unhealthy lifestyle is one of the main determinants of early onset of coronary heart disease in adulthood and its resulting mortality, the need for therapeutic interventions in this group of patients seems necessary.
Method. This experimental study (pre-test-post-test with control group and follow-up) was conducted on women with coronary heart disease in Tehran in 2019-2020. A total of 45 female patients were selected by available sampling method and randomly allocated to two experimental group and one control group (15 people in each group). Experimental and control groups were assessed during the pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up stages by Lali et al. (2012) lifestyle questionnaire. Eight sessions of group schema therapy (for one experimental group) and eight sessions of group dialectical behavior therapy (for another experimental group) were held (two sessions per week for 4 weeks). The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS V.23.
Findings. Both interventions were effective in promoting lifestyle in women with coronary heart disease (p≤0.0001). Also, group dialectical behavior therapy had a greater effect on lifestyle promotion in women with coronary heart disease compared with group schema therapy (p≤0.0001).
Conclusion. Training of the use of group dialectical behavior therapy is recommended as an effective intervention method for improving lifestyle of women with coronary heart disease.
Nahid Ramak, Kiana Ghasemnezhad, Elahe Ghasempour, Zeinab Sadeghkhani, Eshaqh Sam Khanian, Farshid Bibak, Alireza Sangani,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of functional analytical psychotherapy on treatment adherence and self-care behaviors in female patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Background. The severity of cardiovascular disease is affected by cognitive and behavioral function in people experiencing acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, with effective and modern treatments for this problem, effective results could be expected.
Method. The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test post-test and follow-up design with control group. A sample of 30 women with a history of acute myocardial infarction who had been admitted to Seyed Al-Shohada Heart Hospital in Urmia, Iran, in 2021, were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to experimental (N=15) and control (N=15) group. Tsai et al. (2010) Functional Analytical Psychotherapy Package was implemented for experimental group in 10 sessions of 45 minutes duration. Before and after the sessions, and also, 3 months after intervention, both members of experimental and control groups completed Treatment Adherence Questionnaire and Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire as pre-test, post-test and follow-up measurements. Data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of covariance in SPSS Version 18.
Findings. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between experimental and control groups in term of the means of treatment adherence and self-care behaviors in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Functional analytical psychotherapy had a greater effect on improving self-care behaviors (0.912) than treatment adherence (0.897) in female patients with acute myocardial infarction (P≥0.0001).
Conclusion. These results emphasize the effect of functional analytical psychotherapy in cognitive and behavioral domains in the treatment of female patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Elham Irani, Saeed Moosavipour, Marzieh Sadat Sajadinezhad,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Background. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, like other surgeries, is stressful for the patient, and depression, anxiety, and stress are common important disorders in these patients. In this regard, one of the effective psychotherapy methods to reduce negative psychological factors and prevent recurrence of the disease is cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Method. The design of the present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery in selected AJA hospital in Tehran, Iran. Based on convenience sampling, 30 people were selected and randomly allocated to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) group. They responded to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21) and underwent 15 sessions of psychotherapy. The experimental and control group were homogeneous in terms of age, education, as well as duration of hospital stay and absence of other chronic diseases. The univariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS-23.
Findings. The results showed that depression, anxiety and stress of the experimental group significantly reduced in the post-test compared to those of control group.
Conclusion. In addition to medical interventions, cognitive-behavioral therapy can also be used for patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery to reduce depression, anxiety and stress and prevent recurrence of the disease. Special attention can also be paid to the psychological factors that cause or exacerbate cardiovascular disease.
Amir Tabatabaee, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The purpose of this study is to review studies that have investigated the effect of family-centered self-care program on the activity of people with cardiovascular disease after hospital discharge.
Background. Adherence to medication, diet and physical activity in people with cardiovascular disease is very crucial to prevent readmission, independence in daily activities, and complications.
Method. In this review study, a comprehensive search of scientific databases and search engines such as Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline using the keywords cardiovascular disease, adherence to treatment regimen, and family-centered self-care program in both Persian and English languages was done to find articles published between 2000 and 2020.
Findings. Family-centered post-discharge self-care program can be a principled and effective method to increase adherence to medication, diet and physical activity in heart people with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion. One of the most important factors in effectiveness of self-care is active family participation and family-centered self-care, which can be effective in three areas after the discharge of people with cardiovascular disease.
Helia Saremi, Sedigheh Khanjari, Shima Haghani, Seyed Mohammad Mahdavi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the quality of life (QoL) and spiritual health of parents of children after heart transplant in Iran.
Background. The child and his family enter a new phase of life after a heart transplant. Assessing the QoL and spiritual health of parents can determine the psychological and health consequences for children and their families.
Method. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study on 102 pairs of parents of children after heart transplantation in the hospitals Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran, Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, and Razavi Hospital in Mashhad, using the consensus sampling method from November 2020 to June 2021. The questionnaires used in this study included the World Health Organization Quality of Life– BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and Spiritual Well-being Scale. Data were collected in the forms of face-to-face and network communication (WhatsApp and Telegram). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings. The mean score of QoL for mothers and fathers was 57.35±12.42 and 57.93±12.22, respectively. Also, the mean score of spiritual health for mothers and fathers was 90.68 ± 07.13 and 88.76 ± 12.78, respectively, which were considered as the average level. In general, these results may have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Parents' QoL had no statistically significant relationship with demographic variables of them and their children. Mothers' spiritual health had a statistically significant relationship with their education (P=0.034), employment status (P=0.002) and age (P=0.024). Regarding fathers, the spiritual health showed a statistically significant relationship with the child's gender (P=0.016) and the waiting time for transplantation (P=0.023).
Conclusion. No difference was observed between fathers and mothers of the children after heart transplant in terms of the variables of QoL and spiritual health. This can indicate the same pressure on both mother and father to take care of the child, especially in critical situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic. In this situation, the support of these families by nurses and health workers to follow up their child's treatment, making an appointment to visit or to better understand their conditions in case of problems is of particular importance. More studies are needed to clarify the situation of these children and their families.
Sara Lotfian, Hasan Arian, Rasool Azarfarin, Hooman Bakhshandeh, Pardis Moradnejad,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Aim. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of early mobilization protocol on the strength of diaphragmatic muscle and other inspiratory muscles after open heart surgery.
Background. Early mobilization is recommended as a safe protocol after open heart surgery to decrease hospital stay and post-op respiratory complications; however, our knowledge about its effect on improving respiratory muscles strength is limited.
Methods. This is a randomized single-blinded clinical trial conducted on 80 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery and/or valvular surgery that were randomly assigned to experimental group (postoperative early mobilization) and control group (routine physiotherapy). On the day before surgery and the day before leaving intensive care unit (ICU), two scores were measured for assessing diaphragmatic muscle strength: maximum inspiratory pressure (PI max) and Strength index (S index). Hemodynamic parameters were also measured and compared.
Findings. According to both PI max and S index, diaphragmatic muscle strength decreased from 77.28 to 59.53 cmH2O in patients after surgery, but the changes in the experimental group was less than the control group, which indicates a significant improvement in the strength of the diaphragm muscle in the experimental group (p≤0.0001). Hemodynamic changes after surgery (lower blood pressure and increased heart rate) occurred in both groups without any significant clinical effect.
Conclusion. Early mobilization after cardiac surgery has positive effect on the strength of diaphragmatic muscle and is also safe as shown to have no adverse effect on hemodynamic parameters.
Pardis Moradnejad, Shiva Khaleghparast, Parisa Firoozbakhsh,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Aim. We sought to review studies regarding interventions to prevent or reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs).
Background. CRBSIs are associated with peripheral and central intravenous catheters, including nontunneled central catheters, tunneled central catheters, peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC), totally implanted intravascular access devices (ports), pulmonary artery catheters, and arterial lines. CRBSIs constitute one of the most frequent complications of intravenous catheters. Infections can be reduced by applying recommendations concerning CRBSIs prevention.
Method. Articles published between 2010 and 2022 were searched out in databases PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, SID, Scopus, IRANDOC, and Magiran using the keywords “prevention”, “bacteremia”, and “catheter-related bloodstream infection” and their Persian equivalents. Original articles and systematic reviews in Persian and English on CRBSI prevention that were published in reliable scientific databases from 2010 to 2022 and had available full texts were selected. The primary research yielded 324 articles via title and abstract reviews and in some cases, full-text perusal. Ultimately, 10 articles fulfilling the research purpose of the present study were reviewed.
Findings. According to the articles reviewed herein, medical centers should lessen CRBSIs incidence by educating healthcare personnel regarding intravascular catheter-use indications, proper intravascular catheter insertion procedures, and appropriate infection-control measures. Additionally, they should periodically assess healthcare personnel’s knowledge of and adherence to guidelines vis-à-vis intravascular catheter insertion and maintenance.
Conclusions. It is advisable that healthcare personnel’s knowledge of and adherence to the latest guidelines concerning CRBSIs prevention be continually monitored and enhanced.
Parisa Firoozbakhsh, Shiva Khaleghparast Athari, Saiedeh Mazloomzadeh, Pardis Moradnejad,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Abstract:
Aim. The aim of this article is to review studies that have evaluated effective interventions in the prevention of mediastinitis following cardiothoracic surgery.
Background. Mediastinitis and deep surgical wound infections (DSWI) are life-threatening complications of median sternotomy and have a prevalence of 0.4-5 percent. They can produce a significant financial burden on the patient and also the health care system by prolonging the hospitalization period and the need for repeated surgeries or long-term antibiotics. Several risk factors have been identified for mediastinitis following cardiothoracic surgery, many of which are easily preventable by proper diagnosis.
Method. In this literature review, databases including PubMed, Medline, UpToDate, Scopus, Science
Direct, SID, and Magiran were searched out using the keywords Mediastinitis, Prevention, Cardiothoracic
surgery, and their Persian equivalents. Persian and English original articles (including cross-sectional, case- control, cohort studies, and clinical trials) investigating the effective interventions in the prevention of me- diastinitis following cardiothoracic surgeries and were published between 2000 and 2021 and had an available full text, were included in the current study; review articles, letter to editors, and case reports published in non-authoritative journals were excluded from this study. After primary search, 62 relevant articles were found and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, 16 articles were finally selected and reviewed in the cur- rent study.
Findings. Mediastinitis ca n be prevented before surgery by hand hygiene, weight loss, smoking cessa-tion, proper prophylactic antibiotics, decolonization of nasopharynx and oropharynx from Staph aureus by Mupirocin ointment, and removing hair using depilatory cream (not the blade). Tight blood glucose monitoring before, after, and during the surgery, disinfection of the surgical field by chlorhexidine, using a proper surgical technique for wound closure and stabilizing the sternum, and proper patient training by nurses about red flags of infection can play an important role in the prevention of mediastinitis.
Conclusion. Mediastinitis ca n be easily prevented by identifying its risk factors and controlling them accurately and in a timely manner.
Aziz Behnammoghadam, Armin Mahmoodi, Alireza Maredpour, Fatemeh Zadeh Bagheri, Naeem Abdi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing on death anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction.
Background. Patients with myocardial infarction experience death anxiety and cognitive deficits, which delay return to work, reduce quality of life, and increase the risk of mortality.
Method. This randomized clinical trial study was conducted to investigate the effect of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing on death anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction in 2021. A total of 60 patients were selected from medical centers of Yasuj city, Iran, by convenience sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control group based on blocking randomization. To collect the data, personal information questionnaire and Templer's death anxiety questionnaire were used. A pre-test was conducted for both groups, then six treatment sessions with EMDR method were implemented for the experimental group, and at the end, a post-test was conducted for both groups. The control group did not receive any intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 18 software.
Findings. After adjusting the post-test scores by removing the pre-test effect, the intervention had a statistically significant effect on death anxiety (F=214.11, P≤0.0001, Partial η2=0.796). Also, to analyze the components of death anxiety, the results of the independent t-test showed that the mean pre-test-post-test difference scores of the variables, fear of death (P≤0.0001), fear of illness (P≤0.0001), thoughts related to death (P<0.05), and short life (P≤0.0001) in experimental group was significantly higher than the control group, and control group had no statistically significant difference in this regard.
Conclusion. The method of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing can be used as a standard and effective treatment method in treating or reducing death anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction.
Esmaeil Mohammadnejad, Faezeh Samadi, Ali Karimi Rozveh,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim. This review discusses the studies that have investigated the effect of cardiac rehabilitation programs on people with Covid-19.
Background. It has been previously revealed the profits of cardiac rehabilitation for patients who suffer from cardiovascular diseases. With the occurrence of the covid-19 pandemic, many have suffered from cardiovascular complications due to the coronavirus infection. Despite the application of many medications and therapeutic interventions to control the side effects, many are still experiencing the secondary complications of the disease, specifically the cardiovascular complications, and the search for an effective solution continues. The use of cardiac rehabilitation for these patients may be effective.
Method. A broad search was conducted in scientific databases and search engines such as Science Direct, PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, SID, Scopus, CINAHL, OVID, Iran Doc, and Magiran with the keyboards “Covid-19”, “post covid-19 period”, “cardiac rehabilitation” and “rehabilitation” in both English and Persian language journals published between 2000 and 2022. After a comprehensive review, nine studies that met the purpose of this study were selected.
Findings. Cardiac rehabilitation programs decrease complications, mortality, and readmission of people with Covid-19, and modify the signs, physical and cardiovascular functions, and the quality of life in these patients.
Conclusion. For finer efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation programs, designating a program suited for the patient's condition, schedule adherence, and evaluation of the findings should be considered. It seems that cardiac rehabilitation programs can be beneficial for people with Covid-19 in reducing complications and mortality rates. More studies are needed for more information.
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