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Abstract
Aim. This study aims to assess the impact of education based on the Pender’s health promotion model on quality of life and medication adherence in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).
Background. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart is unable to provide adequate circulation to meet the metabolic needs. One of the common complications of this disease is sudden cardiac death due to
arrhythmias. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are recognized as an effective treatment for this issue, as they detect life-threatening arrhythmias and deliver electrical shocks to restore the heart's rhythm to a normal sinus rhythm. Despite the life-saving benefits of these devices, ICD shocks may have negative effects on patients' quality of life. Additionally, poor medication adherence remains a major challenge, leading to treatment failure, increased complications, and higher healthcare costs. Through the implementation of various educational models and health strategies, nurses can effectively influence patients' awareness, attitudes, and health behaviors. The Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) is a framework that leverages individuals' experiences, emotions, perceptions, and
behaviors to improve health outcomes.
Method. This is a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial that will be conducted at Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular Institute in Tehran. Patients with heart failure who undergo ICD implantation will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control group. Both groups will complete a demographic information form, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). The intervention group, in addition to receiving the standard hospital educational program, will
participate in a 45-minute in-person session at discharge. This session will introduce the number and content of the educational sessions and emphasize the importance of continuous participation. Subsequently, five 30-minute virtual educational sessions will be conducted twice weekly, based on the Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Additionally,
weekly telephone follow-ups will be conducted for one month to monitor adherence to recommendations and address potential issues. The control group will receive only the standard hospital education program at discharge. At the end of the study, both groups will complete the MLHFQ and MMAS-8 questionnaires again to assess outcomes.